This study was designed to determine the prevalence and ĂnƟbŝŽƟc ƐƵƐcĞƉƟbŝůŝƚy ƉƌŽĮůĞ of airborne bacteria isolated from general surgical and labour theatres in Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA), Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Forty (40) air samples were collected using ƐĞƩůĞ plate method. Airborne bacterial isolates were ŝĚĞnƟĮĞĚ and characterized using standard microbiological techniques. nƟbŝŽƟc ƐƵƐcĞƉƟbŝůŝƚy ƉƌŽĮůĞ was determined using Kirby-Bauer disc ĚŝīƵƐŝŽn technique. 'ƌĂmͲnĞŐĂƟǀĞ bacterial isolates were phenotypically cŽnĮƌmĞĚ for ESBL ƉƌŽĚƵcƟŽn using the double disc synergy test. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were also screened for methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) using oxacillin screening agar. S. aureus (100%), CŽĂŐƵůĂƐĞͲnĞŐĂƟǀĞ Staphylococci (65%), Bacillus spp. (62.5%), Micrococcus spp. (40.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.5%), Klebsiella spp. (20.0%), Streptococcus spp. (17.5%), and Acinetobacter spp. (17.5%) were isolated from the air samples of the two theatres. 'ƌĂmͲnĞŐĂƟǀĞ bacterial isolates were also screened for extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) ƉƌŽĚƵcƟŽn͘ nƟbŝŽƟc ƐƵƐcĞƉƟbŝůŝƚy tests showed that isolates were highly resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%), penicillin (100%), ampicillin (100%), oxacillin (67%), and clindamycin (50%), but ƐƵƐcĞƉƟbůĞ to ƟcĂƌcŝůůŝn (100%), tobramycin (100%), erythromycin (80%), and nŽƌŇŽxĂcŝn (71%). There was no ƐƚĂƟƐƟcĂůůy ƐŝŐnŝĮcĂnƚ ĚŝīĞƌĞncĞ in the ĂnƟbŝŽƟc resistance and ƐƵƐcĞƉƟbŝůŝƚy frequencies of isolates in the surgical and labour theatres (P<0.05). Exactly 30 (75%) of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were ŝĚĞnƟĮĞĚ as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), while 17 'ƌĂmͲnĞŐĂƟǀĞ bacterial isolates (2 Acinetobacter spp., 7 Klebsiella spp., and 8 P. aeruginosa) were ^B>Ͳ ƉŽƐŝƟǀĞ͘ Generally, bacterial isolates were mƵůƟͲĚƌƵŐ resistant. The presence of airborne bacterial isolates in surgical and theatre wards might indicate that ƐƚĞƌŝůŝnjĂƟŽn techniques employed in the ĚŝƐŝnĨĞcƟŽn of these cƌŝƟcĂů hospital areas are not ĞĸcŝĞnƚ enough. This can put ƉĂƟĞnƚƐ at risk of ƉŽƐƚͲŽƉĞƌĂƟǀĞ ŝnĨĞcƟŽnƐ͘ Therefore, hospital environment requires special ĂƩĞnƟŽn to ensure good indoor air quality for ƉĂƟĞnƚƐ and healthcare workers which will greatly help to curtail nosocomial ŝnĨĞcƟŽnƐ͘