Dental resin-based composites (resin composites), dentin adhesives, and attempts at dental silver amalgam replacements have all evolved in response to the increased need and demand for cosmetic restorations. Many people believe in the benefits of conserving natural and undamaged tooth tissues as much as possible, which has moved the paradigm of modern dentistry toward minimally invasive (conservative) and adhesive dentistry. Growing interest in implant dentistry has shifted the focus of research to ceramic implant materials, their design, and surface treatment, primarily by adding inorganic or organic phases to increase Osseo integration. The exploitation of the micro biome is another example. Because bacteria affect most, if not all, complex ecological systems, exploitation of biological know–how is projected to open up new markets and business models in a wide range of biotechnology disciplines