The Neuroinfectious Diseases primarily involve alterations in the functions of central nervous system (CNS) which radiates from spinal cord to muscles and nerves [1]. The clinical conditions in encephalitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and meningitis may be appropriately cited here. In these diseases, the brain membrane invaded by any bacteria or virus causes inflammation which may lead to disability in an infected person or even death. The complications generated under these clinical conditions include dementia .The people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS (PLWHA) may develop neuropathy and lymphoma. In order to manage the neuroinfectious diseases, significant advancements have been made, still their early diagnosis and suitable treatment stay as a major challenge. With extensive travel of the people these days worldwide, there is rampant spread of new infections of many viruses such as chikungunya, corona virus, dengue, Ebola virus, enterovirus, Hanta, influenza viruses, Marburg, severe acute respiratory syndrome, West Nile and HIV-1 in small span of time which cause re-emergence of many new diseases such as measles, meningococcal meningitis, poliomyelitis and AIDS. Though, the application of antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs has caused significant decrease in the incidence of infections leading to many neurological disorders, still specific and early diagnosis is a challenge for proper treatment and management of such neurological syndromes which might reverse the immunesuppression [4]. The burden of undiagnosed central nervous system (CNS) infections so often goes largely under recognized [1,5]. According to the recent World Health Organization (WHO) reports, about 36 million people are infected with HIV-1 today; out of it, about 19 million people are receiving ART [6]. Though the ARTs have helped increase the longevity of PLWHAs, the neurologic complications develops in about 40 percent of them. The HIV-1 infection has been found to affect both the peripheral nervous system and the CNS causing neurologic dysfunctions. It also affects the muscles [7]. The symptoms of neurologic disorder in the HIV infected individuals may include the development of acute demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) and aseptic meningitis [8]. However, the accurate and specific symptoms for diagnosis in such clinical conditions are still being explored.